小尺度CA6NM馬氏體不銹鋼樣品疲勞性能評價研究

小尺度CA6NM馬氏體不銹鋼樣品疲勞性能評價研究Evaluation of fatigue properties of CA6NM martensite stainless steel using small specimens

由于核電構(gòu)件在實際服役過程中無法拆卸，如何采用小尺度樣品對這些在役構(gòu)件的疲勞可靠性進行快速、無損評價是一個非常重要且迫切需要解決的問題。通過對核主泵葉輪用小尺度超薄CA6NM馬氏體不銹鋼樣品的對稱彎曲疲勞和單軸拉-拉疲勞實驗，獲得了小尺度樣品的疲勞性能，并將其與標準塊體CA6NM馬氏體不銹鋼樣品的疲勞性能進行了對比研究，研究利用超薄樣品評價CA6NM不銹鋼疲勞可靠性的可行性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，40 um厚的超薄CA6NM鋼樣品拉伸強度比塊體樣品略高，但拉伸塑性明顯降低；單軸加載下的40 um厚的超薄樣品在低周區(qū)的疲勞強度低于標準塊體樣品獲得的疲勞強度，隨著應(yīng)力幅的降低，在高周區(qū)兩者的疲勞強度性能差異逐漸減小，疲勞極限較為接近。相同40 um厚的超薄樣品的對稱彎曲疲勞加載獲得的疲勞強度遠高于單軸拉-拉疲勞加載獲得的疲勞強度，且高于塊體樣品的疲勞強度。小尺度超薄樣品的疲勞性能與加載方式密切相關(guān)，對小尺度樣品疲勞性能與塊體材料疲勞性能差異的微觀機理進行了探討，并評價了采用小尺度超薄樣品評價CA6NM鋼疲勞可靠性的可行性。

Since structural components in the nuclear power plant are unable to be disassembled during their in service process, it is an urgent and key problem how to quickly and non-destructively evaluate fatigue reliability of these key structural components by using small-scale specimens. Fatigue properties of small specimens of CA6NM martensite stainless steel for impellers in the nuclear pump were obtained by using symmetrically bending fatigue loading and uniaxial tension-tension fatigue loading, respectively. A comparison of fatigue properties between the small specimens and bulk specimens was conducted to examine feasibility for the evaluation of fatigue reliability of the CA6NM steel using small specimens. The results show that tensile strength of the 40 um-thick CA6NM specimens is slightly higher than that of the bulk specimens, but elongation of the 40 um-thick specimens is lower than that of the bulk counterparts. In low cycle fatigue regime, fatigue strength of the 40 um-thick specimens subjected to uniaxial tension-tension fatigue loading is lower than that of the standard bulk counterparts. With decreasing the applied stress amplitude, the difference in fatigue properties gradually decreases, and the fatigue limit of the small specimen is close to that of the bulk counterparts. Fatigue strength of the 40 ?m-thick specimens subjected to bending fatigue loading is much higher than that subjected to uniaxial tension-tension fatigue loading, and also higher than that of the bulk counterparts. Fatigue strength of the small specimens is related to the loading mode. The difference in the fatigue mechanism between the small specimens and the bulk counterparts is discussed, and the feasibility to evaluate fatigue reliability of the steel using small specimens is addressed.

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