所有高導(dǎo)電率的銅都含有一些氧氣,這是銅精煉過(guò)程的結(jié)果,但某些應(yīng)用需要純度最高和含氧量最低的銅,這就是所謂的無(wú)氧高導(dǎo)銅(OFHC)。
有兩個(gè)等級(jí):Cu-OF,99.95%的銅和更高純度的Cu-OFE(無(wú)氧電子),99.99%的銅去除了銀,氧被去除到0.0005%。 Cu-OFE由純銅陰極制成,并在保護(hù)氣氛下倒入。它的導(dǎo)電率比Cu-OF高約1%,用于高質(zhì)量的視頻和音頻系統(tǒng)。
在開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)純銅之前,銅礦石必須從它們嵌入的廢石巖層中分離出來(lái)。用幾個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的銅加工純度達(dá)99.95%的金屬是一項(xiàng)非常令人印象深刻的技術(shù)成就。
這是空氣中的氧氣起重要作用的地方。
將銅礦石從廢石中分離出來(lái),然后粉碎成細(xì)粉并在爐中熔化。通過(guò)與助熔劑結(jié)合形成去除的爐渣或通過(guò)空氣(氧氣)將其氧化成蒸氣來(lái)去除雜質(zhì)。在無(wú)氧高導(dǎo)電銅中,所有痕量的氧都通過(guò)在真空中熔化,使用惰性氣氛或還原環(huán)境進(jìn)行去除,產(chǎn)生非常純的(99.95%)銅。
不可能去除每一點(diǎn)雜質(zhì);沒(méi)有銅是100%純的,但OFHC只有一絲氧氣。在實(shí)踐中,氧含量通常為0.001至0.003%,總最大雜質(zhì)水平為0.03%。
這是任何銅的最純凈的等級(jí)。
Specifications
| End Product | Specification | | Bands, Projectile Rotating | MILITARY MIL-B-20292, MIL-B-18907 | | Bar | AMS 4602, ASME SB152, SB133, ASTM B152, SAE J463, J461 | | Bar, Bus | ASTM B187, SAE J463, J461 | | Brazing Filler Metal | FEDERAL QQ-B-650 | | Fittings | ASME B16.22 | | Foil, Printed Circuits | ASTM B451 | | Nipples | ASTM B687 | | Pipe | ASME SB42, ASTM B698, B42 | | Pipe, Bus | ASTM B188 | | Plate | AMS 4501, ASME SB152, ASTM B152, SAE J463, J461 | | Plate, Clad | ASTM B432 | | Rod | AMS 4602, ASME SB152, ASTM B152, SAE J463, J461 | | Rod, Bus | ASTM B187 | | Shapes | AMS 4602, SAE J461, J463 | | Shapes, Bus | ASTM B187 | | Sheet | AMS 4501, ASME SB152, ASTM B152, SAE J461, J463 | | Sheet, Clad | ASTM B506 | | Sheet, Printed Circuits | ASTM B451 | | Strip | AMS 4501, ASME SB152, ASTM B152, SAE J461, J463 | | Strip, Clad | ASTM B506 | | Strip, Printed Circuits | ASTM B451 | | Tube | ASTM B698 | | Tube, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service | SAE J461, J463 | | Tube, Bus | ASTM B188 | | Tube, Coils | ASTM B743 | | Tube, Condenser | ASME SB111, ASTM B111 | | Tube, Finned | ASME SB359, ASTM B359 | | Tube, Rectangular Waveguide | ASTM B372, MILITARY MIL-W-85 | | Tube, Seamless | ASME SB75, ASTM B641, B75, MILITARY MIL-T-24107 | | Tube, Seamless Bright Annealed | ASTM B68 | | Tube, Seamless for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Field Service | SAE J461, J463 | | Tube, Seamless for Torpedo Use | MILITARY MIL-T-3235 | | Tube, U-Bend | ASME SB395, ASTM B395 | | Tube, Welded | ASTM B716, B641, B447, MILITARY MIL-T-24107, SAE J461, J463 | | Tube, Welded for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Service | ASTM B640 | | Wire, Coated With Lead Alloy | ASTM B189 | | Wire, Coated With Nickel | ASTM B355 | | Wire, Coated With Silver | ASTM B298 | | Wire, Coated With Tin | ASTM B33, B246 | | Wire, Flat | ASTM B272 | | Wire, Hard Drawn | ASTM B1, FEDERAL QQ-W-343 | | Wire, Medium-Hard Drawn | ASTM B2, FEDERAL QQ-W-343 | | Wire, Metallizing | MILITARY MIL-W-6712 | | Wire, Soft | AMS 4701, ASTM B3, B738, B48, F9, FEDERAL QQ-W-343 | | Wire, Stranded | ASTM B8, B174, B470, B172, B173, B286, B496, B226, FEDERAL QQ-B-575 |
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