高強鋁合金時效微結(jié)構(gòu)演變與性能調(diào)控

高強鋁合金時效微結(jié)構(gòu)演變與性能調(diào)控Aging microstructure evolution in high strength aluminum alloys and performance controlling

綜述鋁合金時效過程中，用近代物理檢測分析技術(shù)表征和確定的微結(jié)構(gòu)從原子團簇、GP區(qū)、亞穩(wěn)相到平衡相的結(jié)構(gòu)、大小及形貌析出序列演變過程；析出微結(jié)構(gòu)與基體形成的共格、半共格和非共格界面結(jié)構(gòu)；界面上析出第二相；論述通過空位、位錯、外應(yīng)力及應(yīng)變、淬火冷卻速率、多級時效及微合金化等手段調(diào)控鋁合金微結(jié)構(gòu)及其演變原理，鋁合金微結(jié)構(gòu)與性能調(diào)控技術(shù)，鋁合金時效調(diào)控技術(shù)與理論的發(fā)展；介紹鋁合金時效與微合金化調(diào)控性能的一些實例，為改善或提升高強鋁合金性能提供理論與技術(shù)參考。

The ageing precipitates evolution determined and described with the modern physics test/analysis technology in high strength aluminum alloys was reviewed, which includes microstructure, size, distribution and morphology of clusters of atoms, Guinier-Preston (GP) zones, intermediate metastable precipitates and equilibrium phases, which can form and evolve during ageing due to spontaneous reducing of the system free-energy. The precipitates on the coherent/half-coherent dispersoid interfaces were compared with those on the incoherent interfaces. The microstructures can be adjusted with vacancy, dislocation, stress, strain, quench-cooling rate, multi-ageing and micro-alloying, the microstructure evolution principles were elucidated, and some ageing controlling technologies were shown. Some achievements were demonstrated in the improvement in the ageing and microalloying of high strength aluminum alloys as well.

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